Ellipsaria lineolata is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This is the sole species in the monotypic genus Ellipsaria . This species is native to the drainage systems of the Mississippi River, the Mobile River, the Tennessee River, and the Cumberland River in the United States. It exists in the midwestern United States, and has also been observed in the east coast and as far south as the Gulf of Mexico. The common name of Ellipsaria lineolata is the Butterfly Mussel.
E. lineolata has a thick, fairly triangular shell with dorsal, anterior, and ventral margins that are rounded. The shells of males have a more compressed shape than that of females. Males' shells are also typically longer, growing up to 12.7 cm long compared to females, whose shells grow to around 7 cm long. The shells of most E. lineolata have a yellowish color on the outside, but some older mussels have a dark brown shell. The inside of the shell is white, and the hinge can sometimes be a dark green color. The sculpture of the beak contains double-looped, fine lines.
