Vipera renardi is a species of viper, a venomous snake in the family Viperidae. The species is endemic to Asia and Eastern Europe. Five subspecies are recognized.
The specific name, renardi, is in honor of Russian naturalist Charles Renard (1809—1886), also known as Karl Renard.
The subspecific names, bashkirovi and puzanovi, are in honor of Russian zoologists Ivan Sergeyevich Bashkirov (1900–1980) and Ivan Ivanovich Puzanov (1885–1971), respectively.
V. renardi is found in China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
The natural habitats of V. renardi are shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas, at altitudes of 0–2,500 m (0–8,202 ft).
V. renardi is ovoviviparous.